An Ordinary Matter

Plasma, a state of matter that is distinct from solids, liquids, and gases, permeates the entire known universe. The study of plasma physics has opened new research avenues in many areas of physics. Understanding the properties of plasma has led to advances in fields as diverse as astrophysics, computing, lasers, and fusion, to name a few.

This distinct state of matter took centre stage at a two-week College on Plasma Physics held at ICTP from 1 to 12 October 2012. Its goal was to gain a deeper understanding  of  plasma physics and the latest advances in the field. The activity, a joint effort with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), drew 52 participants from around the world, most of whom will soon receive doctoral degrees.

Swadesh Mahajan (Institute of Fusion Studies, University of Texas, Austin), one of the activity directors, says that ICTP's involvement in this field has been particularly impactful. "Many plasma physicists have seen the 'sunlight' here at ICTP." He points out that this is especially true of budding researchers coming from developing countries.

The topics covered in the college included fundamental processes in plasma physics and their applications to various fields including magnetic fusion, laser-generated plasmas, astrophysical and cosmic plasmas (solar, planetary magnetospheres, jets, etc.), and exotic plasmas. The participants also got to showcase their research in a poster session, which Mahajan says was "exceptionally good this year."

An off-shoot activity of the college was a colloquium by Mahajan on "Fusion-Fission Hybrids: Agents for Nuclear Energy Resurgence." The talk drew a large audience and was followed by a lively discussion. In his talk, Mahajan touched upon the need to understand how to meet the world's growing energy demands, and how fusion-based technology could provide a relatively safe nuclear-based energy source.

The 2013 college on plasma physics will likely be held in Pakistan, while ICTP will play host in 2014.  Some of the recorded lectures of the 2012 college can followed on ICTP.tv.